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Early application of high cut-off haemodialysis for de-novo myeloma nephropathy is associated with long-term dialysis-independency and renal recovery

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posted on 2023-05-17, 23:10 authored by Alhossain Khalafallah, Loi, SW, Love, S, Muhajir MohamedMuhajir Mohamed, Mace, R, Khalil, R, Girgs, M, Raj, R, Mathew, M

Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a haematological malignancy associated with kidney injury resulting from cast nephropathy, which can be caused by monoclonal free light chains (FLC). It has been demonstrated that early reduction of FLC can lead to a higher proportion of patients recovering renal function with a better outcome, especially if high cut-off haemodialysis (HCO-HD) combined with chemotherapy is used.

Patients and Methods: In this study, four cases with MM nephropathy were treated with HCO-HD and chemotherapy at a single institution during the period from August 2009 to August 2011. All of the patients presented with acute renal failure and high serum FLC. All patients underwent a bone marrow biopsy to confirm the diagnosis of MM, according to the WHO criteria. Three patients had de novo MM and one patient had relapsed light chain myeloma disease. All patients underwent HCO-HD concomitantly with specific myeloma therapy once the diagnosis or relapse of MM was established.

Results: After a medial follow up of 26 months, (range, 13-36) our data showed that all patients had a significant decrease in serum FLC through HCO-HD, proving the effectiveness of HCO-HD in managing MM. De-novo MM patients restored their renal function and achieved low-level FLC early in the treatment and became dialysis-independent. One patient with relapsed myeloma remained dialysis-dependent.

Conclusions: In summary, our study suggests that in myeloma nephropathy associated with lightchain MM, HCO-HD should be initiated as early as possible. At the same time a specific MM treatment should be initiated to gain control of the disease and salvage the kidneys in order to achieve dialysis-independency. Further randomized trials to confirm our results are warranted.

History

Publication title

Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases

Volume

5

Article number

e2013007

Number

e2013007

Pagination

1-6

ISSN

2035-3006

Department/School

Tasmanian School of Medicine

Publisher

Istituto di Ematologia, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore

Place of publication

Italy

Rights statement

Licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/

Repository Status

  • Open

Socio-economic Objectives

Clinical health not elsewhere classified

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