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The lithogeochemical signatures of hydrothermal alteration in the Waihi epithermal district, New Zealand
journal contribution
posted on 2023-05-20, 08:09 authored by Shaun BarkerShaun Barker, Shawn Hood, Hughes, RM, Richards, SWhole rock lithogeochemical data from the andesite rocks which host low-sulfidation epithermal gold veins in the Waihi district, New Zealand have been used to interpret hydrothermal alteration processes that variably altered the andesite rocks. The andesite host rocks are interpreted to have similar primary chemical compositions throughout the Waihi area, as reflected in similar ratios of immobile elements (eg Zr, Ti and other high field strength elements). The geochemical data reveal that elevated K/Al ratios occur in rocks proximal to low-Au–Ag deposits, reflecting adularia alteration in the host rocks associated with the upflowing hydrothermal fluids. Silicification of host rocks is achieved both by the addition of SiO2, as well as the destruction of plagioclase (reflected in the loss of CaO and Na2O). The rocks have been variably altered, with calcite and pyrite abundance reflecting the addition of carbon and sulphur. Pathfinder element (eg As, Sb) concentrations are variable across the district, with high pathfinder element concentrations interpreted to reflect proximity to hydrothermal fluid flow. Together, the results provide a district-scale overview of hydrothermal alteration at Waihi, and emphasise the utility of lithogeochemistry for classifying and quantifying hydrothermal alteration that can then be used to interpret hydrothermal processes and assist mineral exploration.
History
Publication title
New Zealand Journal of Geology and GeophysicsVolume
62Issue
4Pagination
513-530ISSN
0028-8306Department/School
School of Natural SciencesPublisher
Sir PublishingPlace of publication
Po Box 399, Wellington, New ZealandRights statement
© 2019 The Royal Society of New Zealand. This is an original manuscript / preprint of an article published by Taylor & Francis in New Zealand journal of geology and geophysics on 29 August 2019, available online: http://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/00288306.2019.1651345Repository Status
- Open