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Adipocyte ceramides regulate subcutaneous adipose browning, inflammation, and metabolism

journal contribution
posted on 2023-05-20, 04:47 authored by Chaurasia, B, Kaddai, VA, Lancaster, GI, Darren HenstridgeDarren Henstridge, Sriram, S, Galam, DLA, Gopalan, V, Prakash, KNB, Velan, SS, Bulchand, S, Tsong, TJ, Wang, M, Siddique, MM, Yuguang, G, Sigmundsson, K, Mellet, NA, Weir, JM, Meikle, PJ, Bin M Yassin, MS, Shabbir, A, Shayman, JA, Hirabayashi, Y, Shiow, S-ATE, Sugii, S, Summers, SA
Adipocytes package incoming fatty acids into triglycerides and other glycerolipids, with only a fraction spilling into a parallel biosynthetic pathway that produces sphingolipids. Herein, we demonstrate that subcutaneous adipose tissue of type 2 diabetics contains considerably more sphingolipids than non-diabetic, BMI-matched counterparts. Whole-body and adipose tissue-specific inhibition/deletion of serine palmitoyltransferase (Sptlc), the first enzyme in the sphingolipid biosynthesis cascade, in mice markedly altered adipose morphology and metabolism, particularly in subcutaneous adipose tissue. The reduction in adipose sphingolipids increased brown and beige/brite adipocyte numbers, mitochondrial activity, and insulin sensitivity. The manipulation also increased numbers of anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages in the adipose bed and induced secretion of insulin-sensitizing adipokines. By comparison, deletion of serine palmitoyltransferase from macrophages had no discernible effects on metabolic homeostasis or adipose function. These data indicate that newly synthesized adipocyte sphingolipids are nutrient signals that drive changes in the adipose phenotype to influence whole-body energy expenditure and nutrient metabolism.

History

Publication title

Cell Metabolism

Volume

24

Issue

6

Pagination

820-834

ISSN

1550-4131

Department/School

School of Health Sciences

Publisher

Cell Press

Place of publication

United States

Rights statement

Copyright 2016 Elsevier Inc.

Repository Status

  • Restricted

Socio-economic Objectives

Clinical health not elsewhere classified

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