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The association between quitting smoking and weight gain: a systemic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

journal contribution
posted on 2023-05-18, 11:47 authored by Jing TianJing Tian, Alison VennAlison Venn, Petr OtahalPetr Otahal, Seana GallSeana Gall
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to quantify weight gain after smoking cessation and the difference in weight gain between quitters and continuing smokers. Five electronic databases were searched before January 2015. Population-based prospective cohort studies were included if they recorded the weight change of adult smokers from baseline (before smoking cessation) to follow-up (at least 3 months after cessation). Thirty-five cohort studies were identified, including 63,403 quitters and 388,432 continuing smokers. The mean weight gain was 4.10 kg (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.69, 5.51) and body mass index (BMI) gain was 1.14 kg m−2 (95% CI: 0.50, 1.79) among quitters. Compared with continuing smoking, quitting smoking was significantly associated with absolute weight (adjusted mean difference [MD]: 2.61 kg; 95% CI: 1.61, 3.60) and BMI gain (adjusted MD: 0.63 kg m−2; 95% CI: 0.46, 0.80). Subgroup analyses using geographic region found that the difference in weight gain was considerably greater in studies from North America than from Asia. Follow-up length was identified as a source of heterogeneity, such that studies with longer follow-up showed greater difference in weight gain. Effective strategies are needed to encourage smokers to quit irrespective of potential weight gain and to help quitters avoid excess weight gain.

History

Publication title

Obesity Reviews

Volume

16

Issue

10

Pagination

883-901

ISSN

1467-7881

Department/School

Menzies Institute for Medical Research

Publisher

Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Place of publication

United Kingdom

Rights statement

© 2015 World Obesity

Repository Status

  • Restricted

Socio-economic Objectives

Clinical health not elsewhere classified

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