Toward Cultural Intelligence: Turning Cultural Differences into a Workplace Advantage

The article discusses research pertaining to the field of cross-cultural management. Psychological work regarding cross-cultural management has argued for the need to focus on how beliefs and cognitive processes differ across cultures. Research streams also address the question of top-down cultural influences on an employee such as group orientation or a strong work ethic influence on an employee's actions. An alternate approach to cross-cultural research emphasizes culture as a manifest at the individual level of analysis.