Optical properties (OPs) of non-flat narrow plant leaves, i.e., coniferous needles, are extensively used by the remote sensing community, in particular for calibration and validation of radiative transfer models at leaf and canopy level. Optical measurements of such small living elements are, however, a technical challenge and only few studies attempted so far to investigate and quantify related measurement errors. In this paper we review current methods and developments measuring optical properties of narrow leaves. We discuss measurement shortcomings and knowledge gaps related to a particular case of non-flat nonbifacial coniferous needle leaves, e.g., needles of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.).

Item Type:	Refereed Article
Keywords:	conifers, gap fraction, integrating sphere, leaf, needles, optical properties, reflectance, transmittance
Research Division:	Biological Sciences
Research Group:	Ecology
Research Field:	Ecology not elsewhere classified
Objective Division:	Environment
Objective Group:	Ecosystem Assessment and Management
Objective Field:	Ecosystem Assessment and Management of Mountain and High Country Environments
Author:	Malenovsky, Z (Dr Zbynek Malenovsky)
ID Code:	98646
Year Published:	2014
Web of Science® Times Cited:	9
Deposited By:	Geography and Environmental Studies
Deposited On:	2015-02-23
Last Modified:	2017-11-03
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