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Youth overweight and metabolic disturbances in predicting carotid intima-media thickness, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome in adulthood: the cardiovascular risk in young Finns study

Citation

Koskinen, J and Magnussen, CG and Sabin, MA and Kahonen, M and Hutri-Kahonen, N and Laitinen, T and Taittonen, L and Jokinen, E and Lehtimaki, T and Viikari, JSA and Raitakari, OT and Juonala, M, Youth overweight and metabolic disturbances in predicting carotid intima-media thickness, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome in adulthood: the cardiovascular risk in young Finns study, Diabetes Care, 37, (7) pp. 1870-1877. ISSN 0149-5992 (2014) [Refereed Article]


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Licenced under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported (CC BY-NC-ND 3.0) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/

DOI: doi:10.2337/dc14-0008

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to assess cardiovascular risk and metabolic complications in adulthood in subjects with or without overweight and metabolic disturbances (i.e., elevated blood pressure, glucose, triglycerides, low HDL cholesterol, and high LDL cholesterol) and their combinations as youth. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Using data from the population-based Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns study, we examined the utility of four age- and sex-specific youth phenotypes (group I: normal weight, no metabolic disturbances; group II: normal weight, one or more metabolic disturbances; group III: overweight/obese, no metabolic disturbances; group IV: overweight/obese, one or more metabolic disturbances) in predicting adult high carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and metabolic syndrome (MetS). The study included 1,617 participants 9-24 years of age at baseline who were followed up 21-25 years later. RESULTS: IMT (mean ± SEM) was higher among participants in groups II (0.627 ± 0.005 mm, P = 0.05), III (0.647 ± 0.010 mm, P = 0.005), and IV (0.670 ± 0.010 mm, P < 0.0001) compared with group I (0.616 ± 0.003 mm). In addition, subjects in group IV had significantly higher IMT compared with those in group II (P = 0.002). Participants in groups II, III, and IV were at increased risk of the development of MetS in adulthood compared with those in the control group. For group II participants, the difference was attenuated after risk factor adjustments. Additionally, participants in group III and IV were at increased risk of the development of T2DM compared with those in groups I and II. CONCLUSIONS: While metabolic risk factors associated with overweight increase future risk for MetS, T2DM, and increased IMT, overweight in isolation is also a risk factor. Therefore, overweight should be prevented and treated wherever possible.

Item Details

Item Type:Refereed Article
Keywords:youth, overweight, metabolic healthy obesity, adult, carotid intima-media thickness, diabetes
Research Division:Health Sciences
Research Group:Epidemiology
Research Field:Epidemiology not elsewhere classified
Objective Division:Health
Objective Group:Clinical health
Objective Field:Clinical health not elsewhere classified
UTAS Author:Magnussen, CG (Associate Professor Costan Magnussen)
ID Code:93161
Year Published:2014
Funding Support:National Health and Medical Research Council (1037559)
Web of Science® Times Cited:38
Deposited By:Menzies Institute for Medical Research
Deposited On:2014-07-14
Last Modified:2017-11-03
Downloads:303 View Download Statistics

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