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Real-time PCR and real-time RT-PCR applications in food labelling and gene expression studies
Citation
Kashani, A and Malau-Aduli, AEO, Real-time PCR and real-time RT-PCR applications in food labelling and gene expression studies, International Journal of Genetics and Genomics, 2, (1) pp. 6-12. ISSN 2376-7340 (2014) [Refereed Article]
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Copyright Statement
Copyright 2014 The Author (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-No Derivatives Licence) CC BY-NC-ND
DOI: doi:10.11648/j.ijgg.20140201.12
Abstract
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as a scientific invention, has revolutionized molecular biology and led to
real-time PCR and later, real-time reverse transcription PCR (Real-Time RT-PCR). These two techniques enable scientists
to conduct PCR detection of amplified gene products and expression analysis of targeted genes. Quantitative polymerase
chain reaction (qPCR), also called real-time polymerase chain reaction, is a recent modification to PCR that utilizes
fluorescent reporter molecular techniques to monitor the production of amplified products during each cycle of the PCR
reaction, and enables both detection and quantification of specific sequences in complex mixtures. Over the past decade,
real-time PCR applications have rapidly changed the nature of molecular science and become widely used tools in
molecular genetics research. Real-time PCR permits specific, sensitive and reproducible manipulation of nucleic acids by
combining the nucleic acid amplification and detection steps using gel electrophoresis. Hence, it almost eliminates the need
for DNA sequencing or Southern blotting for amplicon identification. One of the many versions of PCR is real-time RTPCR
which has become one of the most broadly used gene amplification and expression methods in molecular biology
research. Real-time RT-PCR is commonly employed to discover RNA expression levels through the creation of
complimentary DNA (cDNA) transcripts from RNA, and it is frequently confused with real-time PCR. Food labelling
provides very important information to help both producers and consumers to make informed choices about healthier and
safer food. The process that information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product is called gene
expression. It enables scientists decipher the functions of genes. Food labelling and gene expression are fundamental to
studying the relationships between the human genome, nutrition and health in a relatively new specialist field called
nutritional genomics. Nutritional genomics is expected to revolutionize the way health professionals and dieticians treat
people in the future. Thus, it is anticipated that the focus of nutritional genomics research will in the future, shift to
determining the right type of food for an individual based on his or her genomic compatibility and therefore aid in avoiding
foods that are an inappropriate match and could potentially impact negatively on the individual’s health. This paper reviews
the importance and power of real-time PCR application in food labelling and nutritional genomics, types of fluorescentbased
chemistry procedures developed for real-time PCR detection, real-time RT-PCR application in gene expression
studies and the great potential of combining these technologies for animal molecular genetics research in sheep and fish.
Item Details
Item Type: | Refereed Article |
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Keywords: | PCR, real-time PCR, real-time RT-PCR, gene expression |
Research Division: | Agricultural, Veterinary and Food Sciences |
Research Group: | Animal production |
Research Field: | Animal reproduction and breeding |
Objective Division: | Animal Production and Animal Primary Products |
Objective Group: | Livestock raising |
Objective Field: | Sheep for meat |
UTAS Author: | Kashani, A (Mr Arash Kashani) |
UTAS Author: | Malau-Aduli, AEO (Associate Professor Aduli Malau-Aduli) |
ID Code: | 90783 |
Year Published: | 2014 |
Deposited By: | Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture |
Deposited On: | 2014-04-23 |
Last Modified: | 2015-06-09 |
Downloads: | 344 View Download Statistics |
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