Early-life mental disorders and adult household income in the world mental health surveys

Kawakami, N; Abdulghani, EA; Alonso, J; Bromet, EJ; Bruffaerts, R; Caldas-De-Almeida, JM; Chiu, WT; De Girolamo, G; De Graaf, R; Fayyad, J; Ferry, F; Florescu, S; Gureje, O; Hu, C; Lakoma, MD; LeBlanc, W; Lee, S; Levinson, D; Malhotra, S; Matschinger, H; Medina-Mora, ME; Nakamura, Y; Oakley Browne, MA; Okoliyski, M; Posada-Villa, J; Sampson, NA; Viana, MC; Kessler, RC

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Early-life mental disorders and adult household income in the world mental health surveys

Citation

Kawakami, N and Abdulghani, EA and Alonso, J and Bromet, EJ and Bruffaerts, R and Caldas-De-Almeida, JM and Chiu, WT and De Girolamo, G and De Graaf, R and Fayyad, J and Ferry, F and Florescu, S and Gureje, O and Hu, C and Lakoma, MD and LeBlanc, W and Lee, S and Levinson, D and Malhotra, S and Matschinger, H and Medina-Mora, ME and Nakamura, Y and Oakley Browne, MA and Okoliyski, M and Posada-Villa, J and Sampson, NA and Viana, MC and Kessler, RC, Early-life mental disorders and adult household income in the world mental health surveys, Biological Psychiatry, 72, (3) pp. 228-237. ISSN 0006-3223 (2012) [Refereed Article]

Copyright Statement

DOI: doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.03.009

Abstract

Background: Better information on the human capital costs of early-onset mental disorders could increase sensitivity of policy makers to the value of expanding initiatives for early detection and treatment. Data are presented on one important aspect of these costs: the associations of early-onset mental disorders with adult household income. Methods: Data come from the World Health Organization (WHO) World Mental Health Surveys in 11 high-income, five upper-middle income, and six low/lower-middle income countries. Information about 15 lifetime DSM-IV mental disorders as of age of completing education, retrospectively assessed with the WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview, was used to predict current household income among respondents aged 18 to 64 (n = 37,741) controlling for level of education. Gross associations were decomposed to evaluate mediating effects through major components of household income. Results: Early-onset mental disorders are associated with significantly reduced household income in high and upper-middle income countries but not low/lower-middle income countries, with associations consistently stronger among women than men. Total associations are largely due to low personal earnings (increased unemployment, decreased earnings among the employed) and spouse earnings (decreased probabilities of marriage and, if married, spouse employment and low earnings of employed spouses). Individual-level effect sizes are equivalent to 16% to 33% of median within-country household income, and population-level effect sizes are in the range 1.0% to 1.4% of gross household income. Conclusions: Early mental disorders are associated with substantial decrements in income net of education at both individual and societal levels. Policy makers should take these associations into consideration in making health care research and treatment resource allocation decisions. © 2012 Society of Biological Psychiatry.

Item Details

Item Type:	Refereed Article
Research Division:	Medical and Health Sciences
Research Group:	Public Health and Health Services
Research Field:	Mental Health
Objective Division:	Health
Objective Group:	Public Health (excl. Specific Population Health)
Objective Field:	Mental Health
Author:	Oakley Browne, MA (Professor Mark Oakley Browne)
ID Code:	83019
Year Published:	2012
Web of Science^® Times Cited:	22
Deposited By:	Medicine (Discipline)
Deposited On:	2013-02-27
Last Modified:	2017-11-06
Downloads:	0

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