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Cross-national epidemiology of DSM-IV major depressive episode

Citation

Bromet, E and Andrade, LH and Hwang, I and Sampson, NA and Alonso, J and de Girolamo, G and de Graaf, R and Demyttenaere, K and Hu, C and Iwata, N and Karam, AN and Kaur, J and Kostyuchenko, S and Lepine, J and Levinson, D and Matschinger, H and Mora, MEM and Oakley Browne, MA and Posada-Villa, J and Viana, MC and Williams, DR and Kessler, RC, Cross-national epidemiology of DSM-IV major depressive episode, BMC Medicine, 9 Article 90. ISSN 1741-7015 (2011) [Refereed Article]


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Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0

DOI: doi:10.1186/1741-7015-9-90

Abstract

Background: Major depression is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide, yet epidemiologic data are not available for many countries, particularly low- to middle-income countries. In this paper, we present data on the prevalence, impairment and demographic correlates of depression from 18 high and low- to middle-income countries in the World Mental Health Survey Initiative. Methods: Major depressive episodes (MDE) as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (DMS-IV) were evaluated in face-to-face interviews using the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). Data from 18 countries were analyzed in this report (n = 89,037). All countries surveyed representative, population-based samples of adults. Results: The average lifetime and 12-month prevalence estimates of DSM-IV MDE were 14.6% and 5.5% in the ten high-income and 11.1% and 5.9% in the eight low- to middle-income countries. The average age of onset ascertained retrospectively was 25.7 in the high-income and 24.0 in low- to middle-income countries. Functional impairment was associated with recency of MDE. The female: male ratio was about 2:1. In high-income countries, younger age was associated with higher 12-month prevalence; by contrast, in several low- to middle-income countries, older age was associated with greater likelihood of MDE. The strongest demographic correlate in highincome countries was being separated from a partner, and in low- to middle-income countries, was being divorced or widowed. Conclusions: MDE is a significant public-health concern across all regions of the world and is strongly linked to social conditions. Future research is needed to investigate the combination of demographic risk factors that are most strongly associated with MDE in the specific countries included in the WMH

Item Details

Item Type:Refereed Article
Research Division:Medical and Health Sciences
Research Group:Public Health and Health Services
Research Field:Mental Health
Objective Division:Health
Objective Group:Public Health (excl. Specific Population Health)
Objective Field:Mental Health
UTAS Author:Oakley Browne, MA (Professor Mark Oakley Browne)
ID Code:73361
Year Published:2011
Web of Science® Times Cited:798
Deposited By:Medicine
Deposited On:2011-09-28
Last Modified:2017-11-06
Downloads:502 View Download Statistics

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