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Hypochlorous acid induces apoptosis of cultured cortical neurons through activation of calpains and rupture of lysosomes
Citation
Yap, YW and Whiteman, M and Bay, BH and Li, Y and Sheu, FS and Qi, RZ and Tan, CH and Cheung, NS, Hypochlorous acid induces apoptosis of cultured cortical neurons through activation of calpains and rupture of lysosomes, Journal of Neurochemistry, 98, (5) pp. 1597-1609. ISSN 0022-3042 (2006) [Refereed Article]
DOI: doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03996.x
Abstract
3-Chlorotyrosine, a bio-marker of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) in vivo, was reported to be substantially elevated in the Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains. Thus, HOCl might be implicated in the development of AD. However, its effect and mechanism on neuronal cell death have not been investigated. Here, we report for the first time that HOCl treatment induces an apoptotic-necrotic continuum of concentration-dependent cell death in cultured cortical neurons. Neurotoxicity caused by an intermediate concentration of HOCl (250 ìm) exhibited several biochemical markers of apoptosis in the absence of caspase activation. However, the involvement of calpains was demonstrated by data showing that calpain inhibitors protect cortical neurons from apoptosis and the formation of 145/150 kDa á-fodrin fragments. Moreover, an increase in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration was associated with HOCl neurotoxicity and Ca2+ channel antagonists, and Ca2+ chelators prevented cleavage of á-fodrin and the induction of apoptosis. Finally, we found that calpain activation ruptured lysosomes. Stabilization of lysosomes by calpain inhibitors or imidazoline drugs, as well as inhibition of cathepsin protease activities, rescued cells from HOCl-induced neurotoxicity. Our results showed for the first time that HOCl induces apoptosis in cortical neurons, and that the cell death process involves calpain activation and rupture of lysosomes.
Item Details
Item Type: | Refereed Article |
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Research Division: | Medical and Health Sciences |
Research Group: | Neurosciences |
Research Field: | Cellular Nervous System |
Objective Division: | Health |
Objective Group: | Clinical Health (Organs, Diseases and Abnormal Conditions) |
Objective Field: | Nervous System and Disorders |
UTAS Author: | Cheung, NS (Dr Nam Cheung) |
ID Code: | 61615 |
Year Published: | 2006 |
Web of Science® Times Cited: | 60 |
Deposited By: | Menzies Institute for Medical Research |
Deposited On: | 2010-03-04 |
Last Modified: | 2010-05-03 |
Downloads: | 0 |
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