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The novel neuromodulator hydrogen sulfide: an endogenous peroxynitrite 'scavenger'?
Citation
Whiteman, M and Armstrong, JS and Chu, SH and Siau, JL and Wong, BS and Cheung, NS and Halliwell, B and Moore, PK, The novel neuromodulator hydrogen sulfide: an endogenous peroxynitrite 'scavenger'? , Journal of Neurochemistry, 90, (3) pp. 765-768. ISSN 0022-3042 (2004) [Refereed Article]
DOI: doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02617.x
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a well-known cytotoxic gas. Recently it has been shown to stimulate N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors to enhance long-term potentiation suggesting a novel neuromodulatory role in vivo. Endogenous levels of H2S in the brain are reported to range between 10 and 160 ìM. Considerably lower H2S levels are reported in the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, where levels of brain protein nitration (probably mediated by peroxynitrite) are markedly increased. Activation of NMDA receptors leads to intracellular tyrosine nitration by peroxynitrite. Because H2S and peroxynitrite are important mediators in brain function and disease, we investigated the effects of the H2S 'donor', sodium hydrogen sulfide (NaSH) on peroxynitrite-mediated damage to biomolecules and to cultured human SH-SY5Y cells. H2S significantly inhibited peroxynitrite-mediated tyrosine nitration and inactivation of á1-antiproteinase to a similar extent to reduced glutathione at each concentration tested (30-250 ìM). H2S also inhibited peroxynitrite-induced cytotoxicity, intracellular protein nitration and protein oxidation in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. These data suggest that H 2S has the potential to act as an inhibitor of peroxynitrite-mediated processes in vivo and that the potential antioxidant action of H2S deserves further study, given that extracellular GSH levels in the brain are very low.
Item Details
Item Type: | Refereed Article |
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Research Division: | Biomedical and Clinical Sciences |
Research Group: | Neurosciences |
Research Field: | Cellular nervous system |
Objective Division: | Health |
Objective Group: | Clinical health |
Objective Field: | Clinical health not elsewhere classified |
UTAS Author: | Cheung, NS (Dr Nam Cheung) |
ID Code: | 61562 |
Year Published: | 2004 |
Web of Science® Times Cited: | 488 |
Deposited By: | Menzies Institute for Medical Research |
Deposited On: | 2010-03-04 |
Last Modified: | 2010-05-03 |
Downloads: | 0 |
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