eCite Digital Repository
Effect of extracellular products of Tenacibaculum maritimum in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L
Citation
van Gelderen, R and Carson, J and Nowak, BF, Effect of extracellular products of Tenacibaculum maritimum in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L, Journal of Fish Diseases, 32, (8) pp. 727-731. ISSN 0140-7775 (2009) [Refereed Article]
DOI: doi:10.1111/j.1365-2761.2009.01032.x
Abstract
Keywords: Atlantic salmon, extracellular products,
LD50, Tenacibaculum maritimum, toxins.
Tenacibaculum maritimum (formerly Flexibacter
maritimus) is a well-known pathogen in a number
of cultured fish species worldwide (Wakabayashi,
Hikida & Masumura 1986; Alsina & Blanch 1993;
Chen, Henry-Ford & Groff 1995; Handlinger,
Soltani & Percival 1997; Ostland, LaTrace,
Morrison & Ferguson 1999). It is a marine
bacterium that causes necrotic lesions on the body,
head, fins and gills, with erosive lesions on the
external surface as the prominent clinical sign
(Carson, McCosh & Schmidtke 1992). In Australia,
the main species affected are Atlantic salmon,
Salmo salar L., and rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus
mykiss (Walbaum), in sea-cage culture in Tasmania
(Handlinger et al. 1997). Experimental investigation
into the pathogenesis of T. maritimum
showed that challenge at higher doses (c. 1 ·
108 cells mL)1) had an acute lethal effect on
Atlantic salmon (van Gelderen 2007). Mortalities
occurred within days and the clinical sign was the
disintegration of the epithelium. In addition, a lack
of an inflammatory response is characteristic of
early flexibacteriosis lesions. Handlinger et al.
(1997) suggested that this was the result of powerful
exotoxins that prevent a host response. These
findings pointed to a possible role of toxins in the
pathogenicity of T. maritimum in Atlantic salmon.
Effects of T. maritimum toxins have been
explored in red and black sea bream, Pagrus major
(Temminck and Schlegel), and Acanthopagrus schlegeli
(Bleeker) (Baxa, Kawai & Kusuda 1988). In
both fish species, extracellular products (ECP)
showed insignificant in vitro activity; however, this
did not correspond with the toxic effects observed
in vivo with ECP recording the lowest LD50. Baxa
et al. (1988) did indicate that the pathogenicity of
T. maritimum in black and red sea bream may be
ascribed in part to ECP. The current study
investigated ECP toxicity in vivo to observe direct
effects rather than in vitro activity of different
toxins. Further, this study provides the first observations
of T. maritimum ECP toxicity in Atlantic
salmon.
Item Details
Item Type: | Refereed Article |
---|---|
Research Division: | Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences |
Research Group: | Fisheries Sciences |
Research Field: | Fish Pests and Diseases |
Objective Division: | Animal Production and Animal Primary Products |
Objective Group: | Fisheries - Aquaculture |
Objective Field: | Aquaculture Fin Fish (excl. Tuna) |
UTAS Author: | van Gelderen, R (Ms Rebecca van Gelderen) |
UTAS Author: | Carson, J (Dr Jeremy Carson) |
UTAS Author: | Nowak, BF (Professor Barbara Nowak) |
ID Code: | 60143 |
Year Published: | 2009 |
Web of Science® Times Cited: | 14 |
Deposited By: | NC Marine Conservation and Resource Sustainability |
Deposited On: | 2010-01-15 |
Last Modified: | 2011-11-07 |
Downloads: | 0 |
Repository Staff Only: item control page