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Abstract: Computer-based simulations may represent an innovative, flexible, and cost-efficient training approach that has been underutilised in pharmacy practice education. This may need to change, with increasing pressure on clinical placement availability, COVID-19 restrictions, and economic pressures to improve teaching efficiency. This systematic narrative review summarises various computer-based simulations described in the pharmacy practice education literature, identifies the currently available products, and highlights key characteristics. Five major databases were searched (Medline, CINAHL, ERIC, Education Source and Embase). Authors also manually reviewed the publication section of major pharmacy simulator websites and performed a citation analysis. We identified 49 studies describing 29 unique simulators, which met the inclusion criteria. Only eight of these simulators were found to be currently available. The characteristics of these eight simulators were examined through the lens of eight main criteria (feedback type, grading, user play mode, cost, operational requirement, community/hospital setting, scenario sharing option, and interaction elements). Although a number of systems have been developed and trialled, relatively few are available on the market, and each comes with benefits and drawbacks. Educators are encouraged to consider their own institutional, professional and curriculum needs, and determine which product best aligns with their teaching goals.

Item Type:	Refereed Article
Keywords:	computer-based simulation; pharmacy practice education; pharmacy education; online simulation; virtual simulation; virtual patient; and case-based simulation
Research Division:	Biomedical and Clinical Sciences
Research Group:	Pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences
Research Field:	Clinical pharmacy and pharmacy practice
Objective Division:	Health
Objective Group:	Clinical health
Objective Field:	Efficacy of medications
UTAS Author:	Gharib, AM (Dr Ahmed Gharib)
UTAS Author:	Bindoff, IK (Dr Ivan Bindoff)
UTAS Author:	Peterson, GM (Professor Gregory Peterson)
UTAS Author:	Salahudeen, MS (Dr Mohammed Salahudeen)
ID Code:	154736
Year Published:	2023
Deposited By:	Pharmacy
Deposited On:	2023-01-03
Last Modified:	2023-01-03
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