Factors that influence pharmacist's efforts in addressing substance use in Nigeria: An exploratory study

Introduction: Substance use is a major global public health problem. Over the years, the burden of drug use has increased worldwide, with Nigeria having a prevalence that is substantially above the global average. Tackling this challenge requires a collaborative effort between different health professionals. Despite the critical role pharmacists could play in substance use prevention and management, exploration of pharmacists' role in mitigating drug use in society has received limited attention in most sub-Saharan countries. In this study we explored the experiences of pharmacists in substance use prevention and management in Nigeria.

Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews to explore pharmacists' perceptions of their roles in the prevention and management of substance use in Nigeria. Following data transcription, we conducted a thematic content analysis.

Results: The four major themes that emerged included (1) The extent of pharmacists' involvement in the decision-making process for addressing substance use; (2) Factors that influence pharmacists' efforts in addressing substance use in Nigeria; (3) How to improve rational prescribing practices; and (4) Capacity building to enhance pharmacists' participation in addressing substance use.

Conclusion: Pharmacists have the opportunity to play critical roles in the prevention and management of substance use, but there are several individual and systemic challenges limiting their full potential. Identifying and addressing these challenges is crucial in increasing pharmacists' participation in the prevention and management of substance use in Nigeria.