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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has long been deemed a disease of old men. However, in 2019 CVD accounted for 35% of all deaths in women and, therefore, remains the leading cause of death in both men and women. There is increasing evidence to show that risk factors, pathophysiology and health outcomes related to CVD differ in women compared with men, yet CVD in women remains understudied, underdiagnosed and undertreated. Differences exist between the sexes in relation to the structure of the heart and vasculature, which translate into differences in blood pressure and flow waveform physiology. These physiological differences between women and men may represent an important explanatory factor contributing to the sex disparity in CVD presentation and outcomes but remain understudied. In this review we aim to describe sex differences in arterial pressure and flow waveform physiology and explore how they may contribute to differences in CVD in women compared to men. Given that unfavourable alterations in the cardiovascular structure and function can start as early as in utero, we report sex differences in waveform physiology across the entire life course.

Item Type:	Refereed Article
Keywords:	Arterial physiology
Research Division:	Biomedical and Clinical Sciences
Research Group:	Cardiovascular medicine and haematology
Research Field:	Cardiology (incl. cardiovascular diseases)
Objective Division:	Health
Objective Group:	Clinical health
Objective Field:	Prevention of human diseases and conditions
UTAS Author:	Picone, DS (Dr Dean Picone)
UTAS Author:	Kodithuwakku, V (Ms Mudiyanselage Kodithuwakku)
UTAS Author:	Chapman, N (Dr Niamh Chapman)
UTAS Author:	Rehman, Sabah (Dr Sabah Rehman)
UTAS Author:	Climie, RE (Dr Rachel Climie)
ID Code:	153812
Year Published:	2022
Deposited By:	Menzies Institute for Medical Research
Deposited On:	2022-10-08
Last Modified:	2022-12-05
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