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Time spent outdoors through childhood and adolescence - assessed by 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration - and risk of myopia at 20 years
Citation
Lingham, G and Mackey, DA and Zhu, K and Lucas, RM and Black, LJ and Oddy, WH and Holt, P and Walsh, JP and Sanfilippo, PG and Chan She Ping-Delfos, W and Yazar, S, Time spent outdoors through childhood and adolescence - assessed by 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration - and risk of myopia at 20 years, Acta Ophthalmologica, 99, (6) pp. 679-687. ISSN 1755-375X (2021) [Refereed Article]
Copyright Statement
© 2021 Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica Foundation. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the relationship between time spent outdoors, at particular ages in childhood and adolescence, and myopia status in young adulthood using serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration as a biomarker of time spent outdoors.
Methods: Participants of the Raine Study Generation 2 cohort had 25(OH)D concentrations measured at the 6-, 14-, 17- and 20-year follow-ups. Participants underwent cycloplegic autorefraction at age 20 years, and myopia was defined as a mean spherical equivalent -0.50 dioptres or more myopic. Logistic regression was used to analyse the association between risk of myopia at age 20 years and age-specific 25(OH)D concentrations. Linear mixed-effects models were used to analyse trajectory of 25(OH)D concentrations from 6 to 20 years.
Results: After adjusting for sex, race, parental myopia, body mass index and studying status, myopia at 20 years was associated with lower 25(OH)D concentration at 20 years (per 10 nmol/L decrease, odds ratio (aOR)=1.10, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.18) and a low vitamin D status [25(OH)D < 50 nmol/L] at 17 years (aOR = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.06, 2.76) and 20 years (aOR = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.14, 2.56), compared to those without low vitamin D status. There were no associations between 25(OH)D at younger ages and myopia. Individuals who were myopic at 20 years had a 25(OH)D concentration trajectory that declined, relative to non-myopic peers, with increasing age. Differences in 25(OH)D trajectory between individuals with and without myopia were greater among non-Caucasians compared to Caucasians.
Conclusions: Myopia in young adulthood was most strongly associated with recent 25(OH)D concentrations, a marker of time spent outdoors.
Item Details
| Item Type: | Refereed Article |
|---|---|
| Keywords: | myopia, the Raine Study, time outdoors, vitamin D |
| Research Division: | Health Sciences |
| Research Group: | Epidemiology |
| Research Field: | Behavioural epidemiology |
| Objective Division: | Health |
| Objective Group: | Evaluation of health and support services |
| Objective Field: | Determinants of health |
| UTAS Author: | Oddy, WH (Professor Wendy Oddy) |
| ID Code: | 151700 |
| Year Published: | 2021 |
| Web of Science® Times Cited: | 6 |
| Deposited By: | Menzies Institute for Medical Research |
| Deposited On: | 2022-08-03 |
| Last Modified: | 2022-09-08 |
| Downloads: | 0 |
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