We present a description of the large-scale physical oceanography of the southeast Indian Ocean to provide context for this special issue, revisiting 110°E as part of the Second International Indian Ocean Expedition. Full watermass properties and circulation are introduced based on the hydrographic observations, as well as underway systems and satellite sea surface height measurements. The 110°E line provides a window into the global meridional overturning circulation and the shallow overturning of the Indian Ocean. Measurements of change along this line provide valuable insight into the pulse of the climate system. The full depth hydrographic transects of 1963 and 2019 will provide invaluable calibration points for investigation of climate variability using the diverse observations that contribute to the Indian and global ocean observing systems.

Item Type:	Refereed Article
Keywords:	watermasses, currents, sea surface height, mesoscale eddies, T-S properties, overturning circulation, physical oceanography, nutrients
Research Division:	Earth Sciences
Research Group:	Oceanography
Research Field:	Physical oceanography
Objective Division:	Environmental Policy, Climate Change and Natural Hazards
Objective Group:	Understanding climate change
Objective Field:	Climate variability (excl. social impacts)
UTAS Author:	Phillips, HE (Associate Professor Helen Phillips)
UTAS Author:	Patel, RS (Mr Ramkrushnbhai Patel)
UTAS Author:	Marin, M (Mr Maxime Marin)
ID Code:	151122
Year Published:	2022
Deposited By:	Oceans and Cryosphere
Deposited On:	2022-07-20
Last Modified:	2022-11-16
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