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Evidence for the impact of climate change on primary producers in the Southern Ocean

Citation

Pinkerton, MH and Boyd, PW and Deppeler, S and Hayward, A and Hofer, J and Moreau, S, Evidence for the impact of climate change on primary producers in the Southern Ocean, Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 9 Article 592027. ISSN 2296-701X (2021) [Refereed Article]


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Copyright Statement

Copyright © 2021 Pinkerton, Boyd, Deppeler, Hayward, Höfer and Moreau This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

DOI: doi:10.3389/fevo.2021.592027

Abstract

Within the framework of the Marine Ecosystem Assessment for the Southern Ocean (MEASO), this paper brings together analyses of recent trends in phytoplankton biomass, primary production and irradiance at the base of the mixed layer in the Southern Ocean and summarises future projections. Satellite observations suggest that phytoplankton biomass in the mixed-layer has increased over the last 20 years in most (but not all) parts of the Southern Ocean, whereas primary production at the base of the mixed-layer has likely decreased over the same period. Different satellite models of primary production (Vertically Generalised versus Carbon Based Production Models) give different patterns and directions of recent change in net primary production (NPP). At present, the satellite record is not long enough to distinguish between trends and climate-related cycles in primary production. Over the next 100 years, Earth system models project increasing NPP in the water column in the MEASO northern and Antarctic zones but decreases in the Subantarctic zone. Low confidence in these projections arises from: (1) the difficulty in mapping supply mechanisms for key nutrients (silicate, iron); and (2) understanding the effects of multiple stressors (including irradiance, nutrients, temperature, pCO2, pH, grazing) on different species of Antarctic phytoplankton. Notwithstanding these uncertainties, there are likely to be changes to the seasonal patterns of production and the microbial community present over the next 50â€"100 years and these changes will have ecological consequences across Southern Ocean food-webs, especially on key species such as Antarctic krill and silverfish.

Item Details

Item Type:Refereed Article
Keywords:phytoplankton Southern Ocean, climate, Antarctica, biogeochemistry, deep chlorophyll maximum, ocean colour, MODIS, SeaWiFS
Research Division:Earth Sciences
Research Group:Oceanography
Research Field:Biological oceanography
Objective Division:Environmental Management
Objective Group:Management of Antarctic and Southern Ocean environments
Objective Field:Antarctic and Southern Ocean oceanic processes
UTAS Author:Boyd, PW (Professor Philip Boyd)
ID Code:150304
Year Published:2021
Web of Science® Times Cited:26
Deposited By:Ecology and Biodiversity
Deposited On:2022-06-07
Last Modified:2022-08-20
Downloads:9 View Download Statistics

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