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Increased intake of highly processed, energy-dense foods combined with a sedentary lifestyle are helping fuel the current overweight and obesity crisis, which is more prevalent in women than in men. Although peripheral organs such as adipose tissue contribute to the physiological development of obesity, emerging work aims to understand the role of the central nervous system to whole body energy homeostasis and development of weight gain and obesity. The present review discusses the impact of insulin, insulin resistance, free fatty acids, and inflammation on brain function and how these differ between the males and females in the context of obesity. We highlight the potential of microglia, the resident immune cells in the brain, as mediators of neuronal insulin resistance that drive reduced satiety, increased food intake and thus, obesity.

Item Type:	Refereed Article
Keywords:	microglia, obesity, insulin resistance, inflammation
Research Division:	Biomedical and Clinical Sciences
Research Group:	Medical physiology
Research Field:	Systems physiology
Objective Division:	Expanding Knowledge
Objective Group:	Expanding knowledge
Objective Field:	Expanding knowledge in the biological sciences
UTAS Author:	Doust, YV (Miss Yasmine Doust)
UTAS Author:	Sumargo, N (Ms Nicole Sumargo)
UTAS Author:	Ziebell, JM (Dr Jenna Ziebell)
UTAS Author:	Premilovac, D (Dr Dino Premilovac)
ID Code:	149248
Year Published:	2022
Deposited By:	Medicine
Deposited On:	2022-03-21
Last Modified:	2022-04-22
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