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The medial offshore record of explosive volcanism along the central to eastern Aegean Volcanic Arc, part 1: Tephrostratigraphic correlations

Citation

Kutterolf, S and Freundt, A and Hansteen, TH and Dettbarn, R and Hampel, F and Sievers, C and Wittig, C and Allen, SR and Druitt, TH and McPhie, J and Nomikou, P and Pank, K and Schindlbeck-Belo, JC and Wang, K-L and Lee, H-Y and Friedrichs, B, The medial offshore record of explosive volcanism along the central to eastern Aegean Volcanic Arc, part 1: Tephrostratigraphic correlations, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems Article e2021GC010010. ISSN 1525-2027 (2021) [Refereed Article]


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Copyright Statement

© 2021. The Authors. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License, (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

DOI: doi:10.1029/2021GC010010

Abstract

The Milos, Christiana-Santorini-Kolumbo (CSK) and Kos-Yali-Nisyros (KYN) volcanic complexes of the Aegean Volcanic Arc have repeatedly produced highly explosive eruptions from at least ∼360 ka into historic times and still show recent unrest. We present the marine tephra record from an array of 50, up to 7.4 m long, sediment cores along the arc collected in 2017 during RV Poseidon cruise POS513, which complements earlier work on distal to ultra-distal eastern Mediterranean sediment cores. A unique set of glass-shard trace element (LA-ICPMS) compositions complements our major element (EMP) data on 220 primary ash layers and 40 terrestrial samples to support geochemical fingerprinting for correlations with 19 known tephras from all three volcanic complexes and with the 39 ka Campanian Ignimbrite from the Campi Flegrei, Italy. The correlations include eleven eruptions from CSK (Kameni, Kolumbo 1650, Minoan, Cape Riva, Cape Tripiti, Upper Scoriae 1 and 2, Middle Pumice, Cape Thera, Lower Pumice, Cape Therma 3). We identify a previously unknown widespread tephra from a plinian eruption on Milos (Firiplaka Tephra). Near the KYN we correlate marine tephras with the Kos Plateau Tuff, the Yali 1 and Yali 2 tephras, and the Upper and Lower Pumice on Nisyros. Between these two major tephras, we found two tephras from Nisyros not yet observed on land. The four Nisyros tephras form a systematic trend toward more evolved magma compositions. In the companion paper we use the tephrostratigraphic framework established here to constrain new eruption ages and magnitudes as a contribution to volcanic hazard assessment.

Item Details

Item Type:Refereed Article
Keywords:tephrostratigraphy, Aegean Arc, chemical fingerprinting, volcanology
Research Division:Earth Sciences
Research Group:Geology
Research Field:Stratigraphy (incl. biostratigraphy, sequence stratigraphy and basin analysis)
Objective Division:Environmental Policy, Climate Change and Natural Hazards
Objective Group:Natural hazards
Objective Field:Geological hazards (e.g. earthquakes, landslides and volcanic activity)
UTAS Author:Allen, SR (Dr Sharon Allen)
UTAS Author:McPhie, J (Professor Jocelyn McPhie)
ID Code:148291
Year Published:2021
Funding Support:Australian Research Council (DP0449756)
Web of Science® Times Cited:2
Deposited By:CODES ARC
Deposited On:2021-12-16
Last Modified:2022-01-07
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