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Homology modeling identifies crucial amino-acid residues that confer higher Na+ transport capacity of OcHKT1;5 from Oryza coarctata Roxb
Citation
Somasundaram, S and Very, A-A and Vinekar, RS and Ishikawa, T and Kumari, K and Pulipati, S and Kumaresan, K and Corratge-Faillie, C and Sowdhamini, R and Parida, A and Shabala, L and Shabala, S and Venkataraman, G, Homology modeling identifies crucial amino-acid residues that confer higher Na+ transport capacity of OcHKT1;5 from Oryza coarctata Roxb, Plant and Cell Physiology, 61, (7) pp. 1321-1334. ISSN 0032-0781 (2021) [Refereed Article]
Copyright Statement
Copyright 2020 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists
Abstract
HKT1;5 loci/alleles are important determinants of crop salinity tolerance. HKT1;5s encode plasmalemma-localized Na+ transporters, which move xylem Na+ into xylem parenchyma cells, reducing shoot Na+ accumulation. Allelic variation in rice OsHKT1;5 sequence in specific landraces (Nona Bokra OsHKT1;5-NB/Nipponbare OsHKT1;5-Ni) correlates with variation in salt tolerance. Oryza coarctata, a halophytic wild rice, grows in fluctuating salinity at the seawater–estuarine interface in Indian and Bangladeshi coastal regions. The distinct transport characteristics of the shoots and roots expressing the O. coarctata OcHKT1;5 transporter are reported vis-à-vis OsHKT1;5-Ni. Yeast sodium extrusion-deficient cells expressing OcHKT1;5 are sensitive to increasing Na+ (10–100 mM). Electrophysiological measurements in Xenopus oocytes expressing O. coarctata or rice HKT1;5 transporters indicate that OcHKT1;5, like OsHKT1;5-Ni, is a Na+-selective transporter, but displays 16-fold lower affinity for Na+ and 3.5-fold higher maximal conductance than OsHKT1;5-Ni. For Na+ concentrations >10 mM, OcHKT1;5 conductance is higher than that of OsHKT1;5-Ni, indicating the potential of OcHKT1;5 for increasing domesticated rice salt tolerance. Homology modeling/simulation suggests that four key amino-acid changes in OcHKT1;5 (in loops on the extracellular side; E239K, G207R, G214R, L363V) account for its lower affinity and higher Na+ conductance vis-à-vis OsHKT1;5-Ni. Of these, E239K in OcHKT1;5 confers lower affinity for Na+ transport, as evidenced by Na+ transport assays of reciprocal site-directed mutants for both transporters (OcHKT1;5-K239E, OsHKT1;5-Ni-E270K) in Xenopus oocytes. Both transporters have likely analogous roles in xylem sap desalinization, and differences in xylem sap Na+ concentrations in both species are attributed to differences in Na+ transport affinity/conductance between the transporters.
Item Details
| Item Type: | Refereed Article |
|---|---|
| Keywords: | homology modeling, oryza coarctata, amino-acid residues, Na+ transport, OcHKT1;5, Roxb protein, halophyte, HKT1;5, Na+ transporter, simulation, Xenopus oocytes, yeast |
| Research Division: | Biological Sciences |
| Research Group: | Plant biology |
| Research Field: | Plant physiology |
| Objective Division: | Plant Production and Plant Primary Products |
| Objective Group: | Other plant production and plant primary products |
| Objective Field: | Other plant production and plant primary products not elsewhere classified |
| UTAS Author: | Ishikawa, T (Mr Tetsuya Ishikawa) |
| UTAS Author: | Shabala, L (Associate Professor Lana Shabala) |
| UTAS Author: | Shabala, S (Professor Sergey Shabala) |
| ID Code: | 147642 |
| Year Published: | 2021 |
| Web of Science® Times Cited: | 11 |
| Deposited By: | TIA - Research Institute |
| Deposited On: | 2021-11-10 |
| Last Modified: | 2022-04-22 |
| Downloads: | 0 |
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