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Population Vitamin D Stores Are Increasing in Tasmania, and This Is Associated with Less BMD Loss over 10 Years

journal contribution
posted on 2023-05-21, 03:26 authored by Michael ThompsonMichael Thompson, Dawn AitkenDawn Aitken, Saliu BalogunSaliu Balogun, Cicuttini, F, Graeme JonesGraeme Jones

Context:Vitamin D deficiency is a common, modifiable determinant of musculoskeletal health.

Objective: There are limited data that examine the longitudinal change in population 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) and none that evaluate the long-term skeletal outcomes of longitudinal vitamin D status.

Methods: A prospective cohort analysis was conducted of community-dwelling adults aged 50 to 80 years who had 25(OH)D assessed by radioimmunoassay and bone mineral density (BMD) by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry at baseline (n= 1096), 2.5 (n= 870), and 10 (n = 565) years. Sun exposure was quantified by questionnaire and supplement use at clinic review. 25(OH)D less than 50 nmol/L was considered deficient. Participants were provided with their 25(OH)D results.

Results: Over 10 years 25(OH)D increased (52.2 ± 17.0 to 63.5 ± 23.6 nmol/L, P < .001). Participants with baseline deficiency had larger 25(OH)D increases than baseline sufficient participants (19.2 ± 25.3 vs 1.6 ± 23.3 nmol/L, P < .001). Longitudinal change in 25(OH)D was associated with baseline summer (β = 1.46, P < .001) and winter (β = 1.29, P = .003) sun exposure, change in summer (β = 1.27, P = .002) and winter (β = 1.47, P < .001) sun exposure, and vitamin D supplement use (β = 25.0-33.0, P < .001). Persistent vitamin D sufficiency was associated with less BMD loss at the femoral neck (β = 0.020, P = .027), lumbar spine (β = 0.033, P = .003), and total hip (β = 0.023, P = .021) compared to persistent vitamin D deficiency. Achieving vitamin D sufficiency was associated with less BMD loss at the lumbar spine (β = 0.045, P< .001) compared to persistent vitamin D deficiency.

Conclusions: Population 25(OH)D concentration increased because of a combination of increased sun exposure and supplement use. Maintaining or achieving vitamin D sufficiency was associated with less BMD loss over 10 years.

History

Publication title

Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism

Volume

106

Issue

8

Pagination

E2995-E3004

ISSN

0021-972X

Department/School

Menzies Institute for Medical Research

Publisher

Charles C. Thomas

Place of publication

United States

Rights statement

© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Endocrine Society. All rights reserved.

Repository Status

  • Restricted

Socio-economic Objectives

Determinants of health

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