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Prevalence of Keratoconus Based on Scheimpflug Imaging: The Raine Study
Citation
Chan, E and Chong, EW and Lingham, G and Stevenson, LJ and Sanfilippo, PG and Hewitt, AW and Mackey, DA and Yazar, S, Prevalence of Keratoconus Based on Scheimpflug Imaging: The Raine Study, Ophthalmology, 128, (4) pp. 515-521. ISSN 0161-6420 (2021) [Refereed Article]
DOI: doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2020.08.020
Abstract
Purpose: To describe the prevalence and systemic associations of keratoconus in young adults in Perth, Western Australia.
Design: Cross-sectional study.
Participants: One thousand two hundred fifty-nine participants 20 years of age.
Methods: The Raine Study is a multigenerational, longitudinal cohort study based in Perth, Western Australia. This study represents a cross-sectional analysis of the birth cohort on returning for a 20-year follow-up. Participants underwent a detailed ophthalmic examination, including visual acuity assessment and Scheimpflug imaging using the Pentacam (Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany), and completed a health questionnaire. Keratoconus was defined as a Belin/Ambrόsio enhanced ectasia display score of 2.6 or more in either eye based on Pentacam imaging.
Main outcome measures: Prevalence of keratoconus in this cohort.
Results: Of the 1259 participants, 50.8% were women and 85.7% were White. Fifteen participants had keratoconus in at least 1 eye, giving a prevalence of 1.2% (95% confidence interval, 0.7%-1.9%), or 1 in 84. A significant difference was found in best-corrected visual acuity (0.01 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution vs. -0.05 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution; P = 0.007), cylinder (1.25 diopters [D] vs. 0.25 D cylinder; P < 0.001) and spherical equivalent (-1.42 D vs. -0.50 D sphere; P = 0.02) on objective refraction, mean keratometry of the steep meridian (45.19 D vs. 43.76 D; P < 0.001), and mean corneal thickness at the thinnest point (475 μm vs. 536 μm; P < 0.001) between those with and without keratoconus. Keratoconus was associated with regular cigarette smoking (38.5% vs. 14.6%; P = 0.04), but showed no association with gender, race, body mass index, use of spectacles or contact lenses, history of allergic eye disease, or pregnancy.
Conclusions: The prevalence of keratoconus in this Australian population-based study of 20-year-old adults was 1.2% (95% confidence interval, 0.7%-1.9%), or 1 in 84, which is one of the highest reported in the world. This has important implications for screening individuals at a younger age so that treatment can be initiated before disease progression.
Item Details
Item Type: | Refereed Article |
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Keywords: | corneal tomography, epidemiology, keratoconus |
Research Division: | Biomedical and Clinical Sciences |
Research Group: | Ophthalmology and optometry |
Research Field: | Ophthalmology |
Objective Division: | Health |
Objective Group: | Clinical health |
Objective Field: | Diagnosis of human diseases and conditions |
UTAS Author: | Hewitt, AW (Professor Alex Hewitt) |
UTAS Author: | Mackey, DA (Professor David Mackey) |
ID Code: | 146229 |
Year Published: | 2021 |
Web of Science® Times Cited: | 19 |
Deposited By: | Menzies Institute for Medical Research |
Deposited On: | 2021-08-25 |
Last Modified: | 2021-08-25 |
Downloads: | 0 |
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