Pathways, processes and protections: Australia's clinical and direct-to-consumer genetic testing spaces

Health-related genetic testing, once exclusively within the medical space, is now available within the commercial space. This paradigm shift from medical to consumer presents challenges to regulators, health care professionals and individuals. This section reports on pathways, processes and protections afforded to Australians whether genetic test results are provided by medical professionals or commercial players. While a complex web of protections is available within Australia's medical space, those accessing commercial testing rely on the same protections afforded all consumers in all marketplace transactions. There is also potential for these two initially bifurcated pathways to merge, either by business model or individual choice. Individuals pursuing commercial options obtain personal genetic information, which they self-interpret and, if they choose, share with family, medical professionals and online. While this section focuses on health-related genetic testing, it gives insight into what will undoubtedly be continued incursions into the medical space by commercial players.