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Low responders to endurance training exhibit impaired hypertrophy and divergent biological process responses in rat skeletal muscle
Citation
West, DWD and Doering, TM and Thompson, J-LM and Budiono, BP and Lessard, SJ and Koch, LG and Britton, SL and Steck, R and Byrne, NM and Brown, MA and Peake, JM and Ashton, KJ and Coffey, VG, Low responders to endurance training exhibit impaired hypertrophy and divergent biological process responses in rat skeletal muscle, Experimental Physiology, 106 pp. 714-725. ISSN 1469-445X (2021) [Refereed Article]
Copyright Statement
Copyright 2021 the authors
DOI: doi:10.1113/EP089301
Abstract
Divergent skeletal muscle phenotypes result from chronic resistance-type versus
endurance-type contraction, reflecting the principle of training specificity. Our aim
was to determine whether there is a common set of genetic factors that influence
skeletal muscle adaptation to divergent contractile stimuli. Female rats were obtained
from a genetically heterogeneous rat population and were selectively bred from high
responders to endurance training (HRT) or low responders to endurance training
(LRT; n = 6/group; generation 19). Both groups underwent 14 days of synergist
ablation to induce functional overload of the plantaris muscle before comparison to
non-overloaded controls of the same phenotype. RNA sequencing was performed
to identify Gene Ontology biological processes with differential (LRT vs. HRT) gene
set enrichment. We found that running distance, determined in advance of synergist
ablation, increased in response to aerobic training in HRT but not LRT (65 ± 26 vs.−6 ± 18%, mean ± SD, P < 0.0001). The hypertrophy response to functional overload was attenuated in LRT versus HRT (20.1 ± 5.6 vs. 41.6 ± 16.1%, P = 0.015).
Between-group differences were observed in the magnitude of response of 96
upregulated and 101 downregulated pathways. A further 27 pathways showed contrasting upregulation or downregulation in LRT versus HRT in response to functional
overload. In conclusion, low responders to aerobic endurance training were also
low responders for compensatory hypertrophy, and attenuated hypertrophy was
associated with differential gene set regulation. Our findings suggest that genetic
factors that underpin aerobic training maladaptation might also dysregulate the
transcriptional regulation of biological processes that contribute to adaptation to
mechanical overload.
Item Details
| Item Type: | Refereed Article |
|---|---|
| Keywords: | heritable factors, molecular networks, skeletal muscle plasticity, specificity of adaptation |
| Research Division: | Health Sciences |
| Research Group: | Sports science and exercise |
| Research Field: | Exercise physiology |
| Objective Division: | Expanding Knowledge |
| Objective Group: | Expanding knowledge |
| Objective Field: | Expanding knowledge in the health sciences |
| UTAS Author: | Byrne, NM (Professor Nuala Byrne) |
| ID Code: | 143140 |
| Year Published: | 2021 |
| Web of Science® Times Cited: | 2 |
| Deposited By: | Health Sciences |
| Deposited On: | 2021-03-01 |
| Last Modified: | 2021-06-23 |
| Downloads: | 0 |
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