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An extremely variegated picture of harmful algal bloom types and their socio-economic impacts at the regional and subregional scale emerges from the overviews presented in this special issue. The diversity of the HAB events parallels that of the causative species, which show different ranges and ecological characteristics, as well as highly variable responses to environmental changes. The intensity and frequency of specific blooms vary at regional and local scale, with increasing or decreasing trends and sudden occasional outbursts, but with no general uniform trend that can be discerned from that of increased observational efforts. In many cases intoxications and other adverse effects on human health are kept under control through increased monitoring activities, but impacts on human activities such as aquaculture, fishery, use of natural marine resources and tourism keep on posing economic activities at risk in many regions.

Item Type:	Letter or Note in Journal
Keywords:	algal blooms data base
Research Division:	Biological Sciences
Research Group:	Plant biology
Research Field:	Phycology (incl. marine grasses)
Objective Division:	Environmental Management
Objective Group:	Marine systems and management
Objective Field:	Assessment and management of pelagic marine ecosystems
UTAS Author:	Hallegraeff, G (Professor Gustaaf Hallegraeff)
ID Code:	142875
Year Published:	2021
Deposited By:	Directorate
Deposited On:	2021-02-12
Last Modified:	2021-02-15
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