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Anthropogenic temperature and salinity changes in the Southern Ocean
Citation
Hobbs, WR and Roach, C and Roy, T and Sallee, J-B and Bindoff, N, Anthropogenic temperature and salinity changes in the Southern Ocean, Journal of Climate, 34, (1) pp. 215-228. ISSN 0894-8755 (2020) [Refereed Article]
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Copyright Statement
Copyright 2020 American Meteorological Society
DOI: doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-20-0454.1
Abstract
In this study, we compare observed Southern Ocean temperature and salinity changes with the historical simulations from 13 models the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project version 5 (CMIP5), using an optimal fingerprinting framework. We show that there is an unequivocal greenhouse gas-forced warming in the Southern Ocean. This warming is strongest in the Sub-Antarctic Mode Waters, but is also detectable in denser watermasses which has not been shown in previous studies. We also find greenhouse gas-forced salinity changes, most notably a freshening of Antarctic Intermediate Waters. Our analysis also shows that non-greenhouse gas anthropogenic forcings - anthropogenic aerosols and stratospheric ozone depletion – have played an important role in mitigating the Southern Ocean’s warming. However, the detectability of these responses using optimal fingerprinting is model-dependent, and this result is therefore not as robust as for the greenhouse gas response.
Item Details
Item Type: | Refereed Article |
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Keywords: | Southern Ocean, attribution, climate change, coupled models, model comparison |
Research Division: | Earth Sciences |
Research Group: | Oceanography |
Research Field: | Physical oceanography |
Objective Division: | Environmental Policy, Climate Change and Natural Hazards |
Objective Group: | Understanding climate change |
Objective Field: | Effects of climate change on Antarctic and sub-Antarctic environments (excl. social impacts) |
UTAS Author: | Hobbs, WR (Dr Will Hobbs) |
UTAS Author: | Bindoff, N (Professor Nathan Bindoff) |
ID Code: | 141607 |
Year Published: | 2020 |
Deposited By: | Oceans and Cryosphere |
Deposited On: | 2020-11-03 |
Last Modified: | 2021-02-18 |
Downloads: | 0 |
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