In the container terminals of seaports, the container handling system consists of a variety of container handling machines such as quay cranes, internal yard trucks, and yard cranes. This study applies a holistic approach to the integrated scheduling of these machines for the container handling operations of a single vessel. We formulate this special hybrid flow shop scheduling problem through both mixed integer programming (MIP) and constraint programming (CP) techniques. Then we develop an easily-implemented approach that combines the strengths of MIP and CP. First, the MIP model, which only considers quay crane scheduling, is solved by an MIP solver, and a quay crane allocation plan is retrieved from the MIP solution. Then, this quay crane allocation plan is fed to the CP model, warm-starting the branch-and-prune algorithm built in a CP optimizer. Our numerical experiments reveal that this hybrid MIP/CP approach can solve the large-sized instances with up to 1000 containers, 6 quay cranes, 36 yard trucks, and 15 yard cranes to optimality with a gap of less than 3.31%, within a solution time of 2 minutes. If we increase the solution time to 5 minutes, this hybrid approach solves larger instances with up to 1400 containers to optimality with a gap of less than 1.41%. The state-of-the-art dedicated algorithms reported in the literature (which address an easier version of the same problem by ignoring non-crossing constraints and safety margins between quay cranes) are only able to find solutions for real-life instances with up to 500 containers within the solution time of 2930 or 5221 seconds, leaving a 4% or an unknown optimality gap. Thus, this study improves the solution of this integrated scheduling problem in terms of the instance size, solution efficiency, and solution optimality.

Item Type:	Refereed Article
Keywords:	OR in maritime industry, container terminal, container unloading/loading problem, mixed integer programming, constraint programming
Research Division:	Commerce, Management, Tourism and Services
Research Group:	Transportation, logistics and supply chains
Research Field:	Maritime transportation and freight services
Objective Division:	Transport
Objective Group:	Water transport
Objective Field:	Port infrastructure and management
UTAS Author:	Du, Y (Dr Bill Du)
ID Code:	138823
Year Published:	2020
Web of Science® Times Cited:	10
Deposited By:	Maritime and Logistics Management
Deposited On:	2020-04-30
Last Modified:	2020-07-24
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