Perceived needs for mathematics among lower secondary students

A student’s ‘image of mathematics’ can be defined as including their attitudes, beliefs, self-concept, motivation, and emotions (Lane, Stynes & O’Donoghue, 2014). The image of mathematics is thought to positively influence: student performance (Wong, Marton, Wong, & Lam, 2002); interest in mathematics (Latterell & Wilson, 2012); and attitudes about mathematics (Picker & Berry, 2001). Across the countries that participate in the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) only 38% of students reported enjoying mathematics (OECD, 2016). However, in Turkey the students were more positive.