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Delivering sustained, coordinated, and integrated observations of the Southern Ocean for global impact
Citation
Newman, L and Heil, P and Trebilco, R and Katsumata, K and Constable, A and van Wijk, E and Assman, K and Beja, J and Bricher, P and Coleman, R and Costa, D and Diggs, S and Farneti, R and Fawcett, S and Gille, ST and Hendry, KR and Henley, S and Hofmann, E and Maksym, T and Mazloff, M and Meijers, A and Meredith, MM and Moreau, S and Ozsoy, B and Robertson, R and Schloss, I and Schofield, O and Shi, J and Sikes, E and Smith, IJ and Swart, S and Wahlin, A and Williams, G and Williams, MJM and Herraiz-Borreguero, L and Kern, S and Lieser, J and Massom, RA and Melbourne-Thomas, J and Miloslavich, P and Spreen, G, Delivering sustained, coordinated, and integrated observations of the Southern Ocean for global impact, Frontiers in Marine Science, 6, (AUG) Article 433. ISSN 2296-7745 (2019) [Refereed Article]
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Copyright Statement
Copyright 2019 Newman, Heil, Trebilco, Katsumata, Constable, van Wijk, Assmann, Beja Briche, Coleman, Costa, Diggs, Farneti, Fawcett, Gille, Hendry, Henley, Hofmann, Maksym, Mazloff, Meijers, Meredith, Moreau, Ozsoy, Robertson, Schloss, Schofield, Shi, Sikes, Smith, Swart, Wahlin, Williams, Williams, Herraiz-Borreguero, Kern, Lieser, Massom, Melbourne-Thomas, Miloslavich and Spreen. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
DOI: doi:10.3389/fmars.2019.00433
Abstract
The Southern Ocean is disproportionately important in its effect on the Earth system, impacting climatic, biogeochemical, and ecological systems, which makes recent observed changes to this system cause for global concern. The enhanced understanding and improvements in predictive skill needed for understanding and projecting future states of the Southern Ocean require sustained observations. Over the last decade, the Southern Ocean Observing System (SOOS) has established networks for enhancing regional coordination and research community groups to advance development of observing system capabilities. These networks support delivery of the SOOS 20-year vision, which is to develop a circumpolar system that ensures time series of key variables, and delivers the greatest impact from data to all key end-users. Although the Southern Ocean remains one of the least-observed ocean regions, enhanced international coordination and advances in autonomous platforms have resulted in progress toward sustained observations of this region. Since 2009, the Southern Ocean community has deployed over 5700 observational platforms south of 40°S. Large-scale, multi-year or sustained, multidisciplinary efforts have been supported and are now delivering observations of essential variables at space and time scales that enable assessment of changes being observed in Southern Ocean systems. The improved observational coverage, however, is predominantly for the open ocean, encompasses the summer, consists of primarily physical oceanographic variables, and covers surface to 2000 m. Significant gaps remain in observations of the ice-impacted ocean, the sea ice, depths >2000 m, the air-ocean-ice interface, biogeochemical and biological variables, and for seasons other than summer. Addressing these data gaps in a sustained way requires parallel advances in coordination networks, cyberinfrastructure and data management tools, observational platform and sensor technology, two-way platform interrogation and data-transmission technologies, modeling frameworks, intercalibration experiments, and development of internationally agreed sampling standards and requirements of key variables. This paper presents a community statement on the major scientific and observational progress of the last decade, and importantly, an assessment of key priorities for the coming decade, toward achieving the SOOS vision and delivering essential data to all end-users.
Item Details
Item Type: | Refereed Article |
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Keywords: | OceanObs19, Southern Ocean, observations |
Research Division: | Earth Sciences |
Research Group: | Oceanography |
Research Field: | Physical oceanography |
Objective Division: | Environmental Management |
Objective Group: | Management of Antarctic and Southern Ocean environments |
Objective Field: | Antarctic and Southern Ocean oceanic processes |
UTAS Author: | Newman, L (Dr Louise Newman) |
UTAS Author: | Heil, P (Dr Petra Heil) |
UTAS Author: | Trebilco, R (Dr Rowan Trebilco) |
UTAS Author: | Constable, A (Dr Andrew Constable) |
UTAS Author: | van Wijk, E (Ms Esmee van Wijk) |
UTAS Author: | Bricher, P (Dr Pip Bricher) |
UTAS Author: | Coleman, R (Professor Richard Coleman) |
UTAS Author: | Williams, G (Associate Professor Guy Williams) |
UTAS Author: | Lieser, J (Dr Jan Lieser) |
UTAS Author: | Massom, RA (Dr Robert Massom) |
UTAS Author: | Melbourne-Thomas, J (Dr Jessica Melbourne-Thomas) |
UTAS Author: | Miloslavich, P (Dr Patricia Miloslavich) |
ID Code: | 134389 |
Year Published: | 2019 |
Web of Science® Times Cited: | 42 |
Deposited By: | Oceans and Cryosphere |
Deposited On: | 2019-08-11 |
Last Modified: | 2020-09-11 |
Downloads: | 20 View Download Statistics |
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