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Novel bilayer bacterial nanocellulose scaffold supports neocartilage formation in vitro and in vivo
Citation
Martinez Avila, H and Feldmann, E-M and Pleumeekers, MM and Nimeskern, L and Kuo, W and de Jong, WC and Schwarz, S and Muller, R and Hendriks, J and Rotter, N and van Osch, GJVM and Stok, KS and Gatenholm, P, Novel bilayer bacterial nanocellulose scaffold supports neocartilage formation in vitro and in vivo, Biomaterials, 44 pp. 122-133. ISSN 0142-9612 (2015) [Refereed Article]
Copyright Statement
© 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
DOI: doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.12.025
Abstract
Tissue engineering provides a promising alternative therapy to the complex surgical reconstruction of auricular cartilage by using ear-shaped autologous costal cartilage. Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) is proposed as a promising scaffold material for auricular cartilage reconstruction, as it exhibits excellent biocompatibility and secures tissue integration. Thus, this study evaluates a novel bilayer BNC scaffold for auricular cartilage tissue engineering. Bilayer BNC scaffolds, composed of a dense nanocellulose layer joined with a macroporous composite layer of nanocellulose and alginate, were seeded with human nasoseptal chondrocytes (NC) and cultured in vitro for up to 6 weeks. To scale up for clinical translation, bilayer BNC scaffolds were seeded with a low number of freshly isolated (uncultured) human NCs combined with freshly isolated human mononuclear cells (MNC) from bone marrow in alginate and subcutaneously implanted in nude mice for 8 weeks. 3D morphometric analysis showed that bilayer BNC scaffolds have a porosity of 75% and mean pore size of 50 ± 25 μm. Furthermore, endotoxin analysis and in vitro cytotoxicity testing revealed that the produced bilayer BNC scaffolds were non-pyrogenic (0.15 ± 0.09 EU/ml) and non-cytotoxic (cell viability: 97.8 ± 4.7%). This study demonstrates that bilayer BNC scaffolds offer a good mechanical stability and maintain a structural integrity while providing a porous architecture that supports cell ingrowth. Moreover, bilayer BNC scaffolds provide a suitable environment for culture-expanded NCs as well as a combination of freshly isolated NCs and MNCs to form cartilage in vitro and in vivo as demonstrated by immunohistochemistry, biochemical and biomechanical analyses.
Item Details
| Item Type: | Refereed Article |
|---|---|
| Keywords: | tissue engineering, ear cartilage, neo-cartilage, bacterial cellulose, nasoseptal chondrocytes, mononuclear cells |
| Research Division: | Engineering |
| Research Group: | Biomedical engineering |
| Research Field: | Biomechanical engineering |
| Objective Division: | Expanding Knowledge |
| Objective Group: | Expanding knowledge |
| Objective Field: | Expanding knowledge in engineering |
| UTAS Author: | Stok, KS (Dr Kathryn Stok) |
| ID Code: | 133201 |
| Year Published: | 2015 |
| Web of Science® Times Cited: | 67 |
| Deposited By: | Menzies Institute for Medical Research |
| Deposited On: | 2019-06-18 |
| Last Modified: | 2019-08-08 |
| Downloads: | 0 |
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