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Transforming growth factor beta in human milk and allergic outcomes in children: a systematic review

Citation

Khaleva, E and Gridneva, Z and Geddes, DT and Oddy, WH and Colicino, S and Blyuss, O and Boyle, RJ and Warner, JO and Munblit, D, Transforming growth factor beta in human milk and allergic outcomes in children: a systematic review, Clinical and Experimental Allergy, 49, (9) pp. 1201-1213. ISSN 0954-7894 (2019) [Refereed Article]


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Copyright Statement

Copyright 2019 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is the pre-peer reviewed version of the article, which has been published in final form at http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cea.13409. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions.

DOI: doi:10.1111/cea.13409

Abstract

Background: Human milk (HM) transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is critical for inflammation regulation and oral tolerance promotion. Previous reports suggested that variations in HM TGF-β levels are associated with allergic outcomes.

Objective: We undertook a systematic review (PROSPERO 2017 CRD42017069920) to reassess the evidence on the relationships between HM TGF-β and allergic outcomes in children.

Methods: Electronic bibliographic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Library) were systematically searched. Two independent reviewers screened reference lists, extracted the data and assessed risk of bias using the National Institute for Clinical Excellence methodological checklist.

Results: A total of 21 studies were identified. Sixteen studies assessed relationships between HM TGF-β and risk of eczema; 14, allergic sensitization; nine, wheezing/asthma; six, food allergy; three, allergic rhinitis/conjunctivitis. Five cohorts (5/18, 28%) reported a protective effect of TGF-β1, while 3 (3/10, 30%) suggested increased risk of allergic outcomes development and 1 (1/10, 10%), a protective effect of TGF-β2 on eczema. Meta-analysis was not possible due to significant heterogeneity in methodology, age of outcome assessment and differing statistical approaches. 71% (15/21) of studies carried a high risk of bias.

Conclusion and Clinical Relevance: In contrast with previous findings, we did not find strong evidence of associations between HM TGF-β and allergic outcomes. Differences in studies' methodology and outcomes do not allow unconditional rejection or acceptance of the hypothesis that HM TGF-β influences the risk of allergy development. Future studies on diverse populations employing standardized methods, accurate phenotyping of outcomes and evaluation of the effect of TGF-β in combination with other HM immune markers, microbiome and oligosaccharides are required.

Item Details

Item Type:Refereed Article
Keywords:allergic diseases, allergic sensitization, allergy, atopy, breast milk, breastfeeding, colostrum, human milk, transforming growth factor beta
Research Division:Biomedical and Clinical Sciences
Research Group:Nutrition and dietetics
Research Field:Sport and exercise nutrition
Objective Division:Health
Objective Group:Public health (excl. specific population health)
Objective Field:Nutrition
UTAS Author:Oddy, WH (Professor Wendy Oddy)
ID Code:133078
Year Published:2019
Web of Science® Times Cited:21
Deposited By:Menzies Institute for Medical Research
Deposited On:2019-06-06
Last Modified:2022-08-29
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