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Carbonate chemistry of an in-situ free-ocean CO2 enrichment experiment (antFOCE) in comparison to short term variation in Antarctic coastal waters
Citation
Stark, JS and Roden, NP and Johnstone, GJ and Milnes, M and Black, JG and Whiteside, S and Kirkwood, W and Newbery, K and Stark, S and van Ooijen, E and Tilbrook, B and Peltzer, ET and Berry, K and Roberts, D, Carbonate chemistry of an in-situ free-ocean CO2 enrichment experiment (antFOCE) in comparison to short term variation in Antarctic coastal waters, Scientific Reports, 8, (1) Article 2816. ISSN 2045-2322 (2018) [Refereed Article]
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Copyright Statement
Copyright 2018 the author. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
DOI: doi:10.1038/s41598-018-21029-1
Abstract
Free-ocean CO2 enrichment (FOCE) experiments have been deployed in marine ecosystems to manipulate carbonate system conditions to those predicted in future oceans. We investigated whether the pH/carbonate chemistry of extremely cold polar waters can be manipulated in an ecologically relevant way, to represent conditions under future atmospheric CO2 levels, in an in-situ FOCE experiment in Antarctica. We examined spatial and temporal variation in local ambient carbonate chemistry at hourly intervals at two sites between December and February and compared these with experimental conditions. We successfully maintained a mean pH offset in acidified benthic chambers of −0.38 (±0.07) from ambient for approximately 8 weeks. Local diel and seasonal fluctuations in ambient pH were duplicated in the FOCE system. Large temporal variability in acidified chambers resulted from system stoppages. The mean pH, Ωarag and fCO2 values in the acidified chambers were 7.688 ± 0.079, 0.62 ± 0.13 and 912 ± 150 µatm, respectively. Variation in ambient pH appeared to be mainly driven by salinity and biological production and ranged from 8.019 to 8.192 with significant spatio-temporal variation. This experiment demonstrates the utility of FOCE systems to create conditions expected in future oceans that represent ecologically relevant variation, even under polar conditions.
Item Details
Item Type: | Refereed Article |
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Keywords: | carbonate chemistry, CO2, antFOCE, Antarctica |
Research Division: | Earth Sciences |
Research Group: | Oceanography |
Research Field: | Chemical oceanography |
Objective Division: | Environmental Management |
Objective Group: | Management of Antarctic and Southern Ocean environments |
Objective Field: | Antarctic and Southern Ocean oceanic processes |
UTAS Author: | Roden, NP (Mr Nick Roden) |
UTAS Author: | Black, JG (Mr James Black) |
UTAS Author: | Tilbrook, B (Dr Bronte Tilbrook) |
UTAS Author: | Roberts, D (Dr Donna Roberts) |
ID Code: | 131896 |
Year Published: | 2018 |
Web of Science® Times Cited: | 9 |
Deposited By: | Oceans and Cryosphere |
Deposited On: | 2019-04-11 |
Last Modified: | 2019-05-01 |
Downloads: | 17 View Download Statistics |
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