File(s) under permanent embargo
Pollution pathways of pharmaceutical residues in the aquatic environment on the island of Mallorca, Spain
journal contribution
posted on 2023-05-19, 20:35 authored by Rodriguez-Navas, C, Bjorklund, E, Bak, SA, Hansen, M, Krogh, KA, Fernando Maya AlejandroFernando Maya Alejandro, Forteza, R, Cerda, VThis work determines the principal environmental pollution pathways of pharmaceuticals on the island of Mallorca (Spain). The evaluation was made on the basis of the quantification of pharmaceutical residues by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry in several environmental water samples, including wastewater-treatment plant effluents, municipal solid waste landfill leachates, groundwater (GW), and marine water. An overall set of 19 pharmaceuticals has been identified in the environment of the 27 human pharmaceuticals investigated in this study. WWTP effluents are the main source of discharge of the pharmaceuticals into the aquatic environment. The data indicate that reuse of treated domestic wastewater for irrigation (which supplies some 30 % of the total water demand in Mallorca) contributes to the contamination of GW. In addition, leaching from landfills is identified as another, but minor, possible source of introduction of pharmaceuticals to GW aquifers. Finally, WWTP effluents ending in the Mediterranean Sea, primarily highly urbanized coastal areas, cause pharmaceutical residues to occur in marine water bodies.
History
Publication title
Archives of Environmental Contamination and ToxicologyVolume
65Pagination
56-66ISSN
0090-4341Department/School
School of Natural SciencesPublisher
Springer-VerlagPlace of publication
175 Fifth Ave, New York, USA, Ny, 10010Rights statement
Copyright 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New YorkRepository Status
- Restricted