Polyphenolic Compounds in Sweet Cherries: A focus on Anthocyanins

Sweet cherries (Prunus avium L.) are nutritious fruit rich in anthocyanins, a subclass of dietary flavonoids that provide the red pigmentation visible in sweet cherry skins and flesh. Anthocyanins play an important role in both defensive and physiological functions, as well as contributing to sensory characteristics of sweet cherries. Additionally, anthocyanins may be attributed to the observed health benefits of sweet cherry consumption. This chapter outlines anthocyanin biosynthesis and discusses the range of pre- and postharvest factors that impact on the anthocyanin-profile of sweet cherries. Patterns of global growth and consumption are outlined, with a focus on the contribution of sweet cherries to habitual anthocyanin consumption. Lastly, available evidence linking sweet cherry consumption to a range of health outcomes is presented for inflammation, cardiovascular health, cognition, and gut health, and potential mechanisms of action are discussed.