Carbon Capture and Storage Technology for Marine Application

The effect of global warming in our environment is devastating. The consequence of global warming is environmental disaster. The largest Greenhouse Gas (GHG) contributor is Carbon Dioxide (CO₂). The demand of marine CO₂ emission reduction has strongly increased due to the threat of climate change and reduction of ships CO₂ emissions by the International Maritime Organisation (IMO). The International Chamber of Shipping (ICS) is firmly committed to reducing its CO₂ emissions 20% by 2020. In this paper, a carbon capture and storage technology is considered for marine application with an estimation of the power requirement for implementing the technology. This paper begins by introducing the topic and stating its importance. The critical review examined several methods of addressing Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) from its capture methods to storage technologies. A case ship has been used to predict the engine power of the vessel by using “Free! Ship Plus version 3_37” software. The required power for operating the considered technology has been calculated by using “Mathcad 15”. CO₂ pressure and temperature phase diagram has been considered to select an economical way to store and transport the captured CO₂ for marine application. The CO₂ capture and storage technology for marine application has been investigated where at chosen operating condition about 3.67% of the engine power has been required to implement the technology to maintain the commitment of ICS. Special consideration has been focused on the case ship characteristics, equipment, operations, safety and economics in order to consider cost effective technology for CO₂ capture, storage and transport until discharge at the next suitable port.