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Bacterial causes of empyema in children, Australia, 2007-2009

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posted on 2023-05-19, 08:38 authored by Strachan, RE, Cornelius, A, Gilbert, GL, Gulliver, T, Martin, A, McDonald, T, Nixon, GM, Roseby, R, Ranganathan, S, Selvadurai, H, Smith, G, Soto-Martinez, M, Suresh, S, Teoh, L, Thapa, K, Wainwright, CE, Jaffe, A
An increase in the incidence of empyema worldwide could be related to invasive pneumococcal disease caused by emergent nonvaccine replacement serotypes. To determine bacterial pathogens and pneumococcal serotypes that cause empyema in children in Australia, we conducted a 2-year study of 174 children with empyema. Blood and pleural fluid samples were cultured, and pleural fluid was tested by PCR. Thirty-two (21.0%) of 152 blood and 53 (33.1%) of 160 pleural fluid cultures were positive for bacteria; Streptococcus pneumoniae was the most common organism identified. PCR identified S. pneumoniae in 74 (51.7%) and other bacteria in 19 (13.1%) of 145 pleural fluid specimens. Of 53 samples in which S. pneumoniae serotypes were identified, 2 (3.8%) had vaccine-related serotypes and 51 (96.2%) had nonvaccine serotypes; 19A (n = 20; 36.4%), 3 (n = 18; 32.7%), and 1 (n = 8; 14.5%) were the most common. High proportions of nonvaccine serotypes suggest the need to broaden vaccine coverage.

History

Publication title

Emerging Infectious Diseases

Volume

17

Issue

10

Pagination

1839-1845

ISSN

1080-6040

Department/School

Tasmanian School of Medicine

Publisher

Center Disease Control

Place of publication

Atlanta, USA, Ga, 30333

Rights statement

Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Repository Status

  • Open

Socio-economic Objectives

Clinical health not elsewhere classified

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