Understanding the causes of recent climatic trends and variability in the high-latitude Southern Hemisphere is hampered by a short instrumental record. Here, we analyse recent atmosphere, surface ocean and sea-ice observations in this region and assess their trends in the context of palaeoclimate records and climate model simulations. Over the 36-year satellite era, significant linear trends in annual mean sea-ice extent, surface temperature and sea-level pressure are superimposed on large interannual to decadal variability. Most observed trends, however, are not unusual when compared with Antarctic palaeoclimate records of the past two centuries. With the exception of the positive trend in the Southern Annular Mode, climate model simulations that include anthropogenic forcing are not compatible with the observed trends. This suggests that natural variability overwhelms the forced response in the observations, but the models may not fully represent this natural variability or may overestimate the magnitude of the forced response.

Item Type:	Refereed Article
Keywords:	Southern Hemisphere, climate, climate models, climactic trends
Research Division:	Earth Sciences
Research Group:	Atmospheric Sciences
Research Field:	Climate Change Processes
Objective Division:	Environment
Objective Group:	Climate and Climate Change
Objective Field:	Climate Variability (excl. Social Impacts)
Author:	Vance, TR (Dr Tessa Vance)
ID Code:	111908
Year Published:	2016
Web of Science® Times Cited:	55
Deposited By:	CRC-Antarctic Climate & Ecosystems
Deposited On:	2016-10-14
Last Modified:	2017-10-30
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