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Rapid onset of mafic magmatism facilitated by volcanic edifice collapse

Citation

Cassidy, M and Watt, SFL and Talling, PJ and Palmer, MR and Edmonds, M and Jutzeler, M and Wall-Palmer, D and Manga, M and Coussens, M and Gernon, T and Taylor, RN and Michalik, A and Inglis, E and Breitkreuz, C and Le Friant, A and Ishizuka, O and Boudon, G and McCanta, MC and Adachi, T and Hornbach, MJ and Colas, SL and Endo, D and Fujinawa, A and Kataoka, KS and Maeno, F and Tamura, Y and Wang, F, Rapid onset of mafic magmatism facilitated by volcanic edifice collapse, Geophysical Research Letters, 42, (12) pp. 4778-4785. ISSN 0094-8276 (2015) [Refereed Article]


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Copyright 2015 The Authors Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

DOI: doi:10.1002/2015GL064519

Abstract

Volcanic edifice collapses generate some of Earth's largest landslides. How such unloading affects the magma storage systems is important for both hazard assessment and for determining long-term controls on volcano growth and decay. Here we present a detailed stratigraphic and petrological analyses of volcanic landslide and eruption deposits offshore Montserrat, in a subduction zone setting, sampled during Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 340. A large (6–10 km3) collapse of the Soufrière Hills Volcano at ~130 ka was followed by explosive basaltic volcanism and the formation of a new basaltic volcanic center, the South Soufrière Hills, estimated to have initiated <100 years after collapse. This basaltic volcanism was a sharp departure from the andesitic volcanism that characterized Soufrière Hills' activity before the collapse. Mineral-melt thermobarometry demonstrates that the basaltic magma's transit through the crust was rapid and from midcrustal depths. We suggest that this rapid ascent was promoted by unloading following collapse.

Item Details

Item Type:Refereed Article
Keywords:Montserrat, volcanic edifice collapse
Research Division:Earth Sciences
Research Group:Geology
Research Field:Volcanology
Objective Division:Expanding Knowledge
Objective Group:Expanding knowledge
Objective Field:Expanding knowledge in the earth sciences
UTAS Author:Jutzeler, M (Dr Martin Jutzeler)
ID Code:107540
Year Published:2015
Web of Science® Times Cited:19
Deposited By:Earth Sciences
Deposited On:2016-03-17
Last Modified:2017-10-30
Downloads:166 View Download Statistics

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