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Porous, high capacity coatings for solid phase microextraction by sputtering
Citation
Diwan, A and Singh, B and Roychowdhury, T and Yan, DD and Tedone, L and Nesterenko, PN and Paull, B and Sevy, ET and Shellie, RA and Kaykhaii, M and Linford, MR, Porous, high capacity coatings for solid phase microextraction by sputtering, Analytical Chemistry, 88, (3) pp. 1593-1600. ISSN 0003-2700 (2016) [Refereed Article]
Copyright Statement
© 2015 American Chemical Society
DOI: doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.5b03181
Abstract
We describe a new process for preparing porous solid phase microextraction (SPME) coatings by the sputtering of silicon onto silica fibers. The microstructure of these coatings is a function of the substrate geometry and mean free path of the silicon atoms, and the coating thickness is controlled by the sputtering time. Sputtered silicon structures on silica fibers were treated with piranha solution (a mixture of concd H2SO4 and 30% H2O2) to increase the concentration of silanol groups on their surfaces, and the nanostructures were silanized with octadecyldimethylmethoxysilane in the gas phase. The attachment of this hydrophobic ligand was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and contact angle goniometry on model, planar silicon substrates. Sputtered silicon coatings adhered strongly to their surfaces, as they were able to pass the Scotch tape adhesion test. The extraction time and temperature for headspace extraction of mixtures of alkanes and alcohols on the sputtered fibers were optimized (5 min and 40 °C), and the extraction performances of SPME fibers with 1.0 or 2.0 μm of sputtered silicon were compared to those from a commercial 7 μm poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) fiber. For mixtures of alcohols, aldehydes, amines, and esters, the 2.0 μm sputtered silicon fiber yielded signals that were 3–9, 3–5, 2.5–4.5, and 1.5–2 times higher, respectively, than those of the commercial fiber. For the heavier alkanes (undecane–hexadecane), the 2.0 μm sputtered fiber yielded signals that were approximately 1.0–1.5 times higher than the commercial fiber. The sputtered fibers extracted low molecular weight analytes that were not detectable with the commercial fiber. The selectivity of the sputtered fibers appears to favor analytes that have both a hydrophobic component and hydrogen-bonding capabilities. No detectable carryover between runs was noted for the sputtered fibers. The repeatability (RSD%) for a fiber (n = 3) was less than 10% for all analytes tested, and the between-fiber reproducibility (n = 3) was 0–15%, generally 5–10%, for all analytes tested. The repeatabilities of our sputtered fibers and the commercial 7 μm PDMS fiber are essentially the same. Fibers could be used for at least 300 extractions without loss of performance. More than 50 compounds were identified in a gas chromatography–mass spectrometry headspace analysis of a real world botanical sample with the 2.0 μm fiber.
Item Details
Item Type: | Refereed Article |
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Keywords: | coatings, solid phase microextraction, sputtering, gas chromatography |
Research Division: | Chemical Sciences |
Research Group: | Analytical chemistry |
Research Field: | Separation science |
Objective Division: | Expanding Knowledge |
Objective Group: | Expanding knowledge |
Objective Field: | Expanding knowledge in the chemical sciences |
UTAS Author: | Yan, DD (Ms Dandan Yan) |
UTAS Author: | Tedone, L (Ms Laura Tedone) |
UTAS Author: | Nesterenko, PN (Professor Pavel Nesterenko) |
UTAS Author: | Paull, B (Professor Brett Paull) |
UTAS Author: | Shellie, RA (Professor Robert Shellie) |
ID Code: | 106835 |
Year Published: | 2016 |
Web of Science® Times Cited: | 18 |
Deposited By: | Chemistry |
Deposited On: | 2016-02-23 |
Last Modified: | 2022-08-22 |
Downloads: | 0 |
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