Although grass pollen is widely regarded as the major outdoor aeroallergen source in Australia and New Zealand (NZ), no assemblage of airborne pollen data for the region has been previously compiled. Grass pollen count data collected at 14 urban sites in Australia and NZ over periods ranging from 1 to 17 years were acquired, assembled and compared, revealing considerable spatiotemporal variability. Although direct comparison between these data is problematic due to methodological differences between monitoring sites, the following patterns are apparent. Grass pollen seasons tended to have more than one peak from tropics to latitudes of 37S and single peaks at sites south of this latitude. A longer grass pollen season was therefore found at sites below 37S, driven by later seasonal end dates for grass growth and flowering. Daily pollen counts increased with latitude; subtropical regions had seasons of both high intensity and long duration. At higher latitude sites, the single springtime grass pollen peak is potentially due to a cooler growing season and a predominance of pollen from C3 grasses. The multiple peaks at lower latitude sites may be due to a warmer season and the predominance of pollen from C4 grasses. Prevalence and duration of seasonal allergies may reflect the differing pollen seasons across Australia and NZ. It must be emphasized that these findings are tentative due to limitations in the available data, reinforcing the need to implement standardized pollen-monitoring methods across Australasia. Furthermore, spatiotemporal differences in grass pollen counts indicate that local, current, standardized pollen monitoring would assist with the management of pollen allergen exposure for patients at risk of allergic rhinitis and asthma.

Item Type:	Refereed Article
Keywords:	aerobiology, latitude, grass pollen, plant distribution, Australia,  New Zealand
Research Division:	Environmental Sciences
Research Group:	Environmental Science and Management
Research Field:	Environmental Monitoring
Objective Division:	Health
Objective Group:	Public Health (excl. Specific Population Health)
Objective Field:	Environmental Health
UTAS Author:	Johnston, FH (Associate Professor Fay Johnston)
UTAS Author:	Bowman, DMJS (Professor David Bowman)
ID Code:	102518
Year Published:	2016 (online first 2015)
Web of Science® Times Cited:	8
Deposited By:	Menzies Institute for Medical Research
Deposited On:	2015-08-26
Last Modified:	2017-10-31
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