The addition of nano-carbons to composite materials is an area of significant research interest, when their addition results in improved properties. This work reports on the use of detonation nanodiamond (DND) in the preparation of porous carbon monoliths and an investigation of the properties of the final carbon–nanocarbon composite material. Porous carbon–nanodiamond (CND) monoliths, with macro-, meso- and micropores were prepared by carbonisation of a resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF) polymeric rod with an Fe(III) catalyst and spherical silica template. Pore characteristics and BET surface areas were determined from N₂ isotherms, with surface areas in the range of 214–461 m² g⁻¹, depending on DND content. SEM imaging further confirmed the hierarchical pore structure present, where there was a trimodal structure for monoliths containing nanodiamond following pyrolysis up to 900 °C. Thermogravimetric analysis, TEM imaging, energy dispersive X-ray electron spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy were employed to evaluate the properties of this new composite material. The adsorptions of methylene blue (MB) and neutral red (NR) dyes from water onto the composite monoliths were investigated and compared with activated carbon in order to further evaluate their physical and adsorptive properties. CND materials adsorb these two cationic dyes more effectively than activated carbon, due to a more accessible pore network, and DND content had a direct effect on adsorption capacities for the dyes. The adsorption isotherms coincided with Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models. Maximum adsorption capacities of 599 and 284 mg g⁻¹ were achieved for NR and MB, respectively, on the CND composites.

Item Type:	Refereed Article
Keywords:	porous graphitic carbon, detonation nanodiamond, adsorption, porous monoliths
Research Division:	Chemical Sciences
Research Group:	Analytical chemistry
Research Field:	Separation science
Objective Division:	Expanding Knowledge
Objective Group:	Expanding knowledge
Objective Field:	Expanding knowledge in the chemical sciences
UTAS Author:	Duffy, E (Miss Emer Duffy)
UTAS Author:	Nesterenko, PN (Professor Pavel Nesterenko)
UTAS Author:	Paull, B (Professor Brett Paull)
ID Code:	101958
Year Published:	2015
Funding Support:	Australian Research Council (DP150102608)
Web of Science® Times Cited:	10
Deposited By:	Chemistry
Deposited On:	2015-07-21
Last Modified:	2017-10-29
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