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Roles of cell-wall invertases and monosaccharide transporters in the growth and development of Arabidopsis

journal contribution
posted on 2023-05-18, 11:24 authored by Sherson, SM, Alford, HL, Forbes, SM, Wallace, G, Steven SmithSteven Smith
The hydrolysis of sucrose by cell‐wall invertases (cwINV) and the subsequent import of hexoses into target cells appears to be crucial for appropriate metabolism, growth and differentiation in plants. Hexose uptake from the apoplast is catalysed by monosaccharide/H+ symporters (Sugar Transport Proteins or STPs), which have the potential to sense sugars. Import of extracellular hexoses may generate signals to orchestrate cellular activities, or simply feed metabolic pathways distinct from those fed by sucrose. It is predicted that Arabidopsis has six cwINV genes and at least 14 STP genes. These genes show different spatial and temporal patterns of expression, and several knock‐out mutants have been isolated for analysis. AtSTP1 transports glucose, galactose, xylose, and mannose, but not fructose. It accounts for the majority of the AtSTP activity in vegetative tissues and its activity is markedly repressed by treatment with exogenous sugars. These observations are consistent with a role in the retrieval of cell‐wall‐derived sugars, for example, during carbohydrate limitation or cell expansion. The AtSTP1 gene is also expressed in developing seeds, where it might be responsible for the uptake of glucose derived from imported sucrose. The large number of AtcwINV and AtSTP genes, together with complex patterns of expression for each, and the possibility that each protein may have more than one physiological function, provides the plant with the potential for a multiplicity of patterns of monosaccharide utilization to direct growth and differentiation or to respond flexibly to changing environmental conditions.

History

Publication title

Journal of Experimental Botany

Volume

54

Issue

382

Pagination

525-531

ISSN

0022-0957

Department/School

School of Natural Sciences

Publisher

Oxford Univ Press

Place of publication

Great Clarendon St, Oxford, England, Ox2 6Dp

Rights statement

Copyright 2003 Society for Experimental Biology

Repository Status

  • Restricted

Socio-economic Objectives

Expanding knowledge in the biological sciences

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