Crouse SI JESEE 2015.doc (641.5 kB)View fileThis item contains files with download restrictions
Next page
Previous page
1/1
Switch ViewSwitch between different file views
Thumbnail viewList viewFile view
2 filesFullscreen
Within- and between-city contrasts in nitrogen dioxide and mortality in 10 Canadian cities; a subset of the Canadian Census Health and Environment Cohort (CanCHEC)
posted on 2023-05-18, 10:54authored byCrouse, DL, Peters, PA, Villeneuve, PJ, Proux, MO, Shin, HH, Goldberg, MS, Johnson, M, Amanda WheelerAmanda Wheeler, Allen, RW, Atari, DO, Jerrett, M, Brauer, M, Brook, JR, Cakmak, S, Burnett, RT
The independent and joint effects of within- and between-city contrasts in air pollution on mortality have been investigated rarely. To examine the differential effects of between- versus within-city contrasts in pollution exposure, we used both ambient measurements and land use regression models to assess associations with mortality and exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) among ~735,600 adults in 10 of the largest Canadian cities. We estimated exposure contrasts partitioned into within- and between-city contrasts, and the sum of these as overall exposures, for every year from 1984 to 2006. Residential histories allowed us to follow subjects annually during the study period. We calculated hazard ratios (HRs) adjusted for many personal and contextual variables. In fully-adjusted, random-effects models, we found positive associations between overall NO2 exposures and mortality from non-accidental causes (HR per 5 p.p.b.: 1.05; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03-1.07), cardiovascular disease (HR per 5 p.p.b.: 1.04; 95% CI: 1.01-1.06), ischaemic heart disease (HR per 5 p.p.b.: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.02-1.08) and respiratory disease (HR per 5 p.p.b.: 1.04; 95% CI: 0.99-1.08), but not from cerebrovascular disease (HR per 5 p.p.b.: 1.01; 95% CI: 0.96-1.06). We found that most of these associations were determined by within-city contrasts, as opposed to by between-city contrasts in NO2. Our results suggest that variation in NO2 concentrations within a city may represent a more toxic mixture of pollution than variation between cities.
History
Publication title
Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology
Volume
25
Pagination
482-489
ISSN
1559-0631
Department/School
Menzies Institute for Medical Research
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group
Place of publication
United Kingdom
Rights statement
Copyright 2015 Nature America, Inc. Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Repository Status
Open
Socio-economic Objectives
Public health (excl. specific population health) not elsewhere classified